THESIS
2014
xi, 105 pages : illustrations ; 30 cm
Abstract
Motions of visual images projected on the retina (referred to as retinal slips) are essential for
provoking vection (illusion of self-motion) and visually induced motion sickness (VIMS)
(Brandt, 1973). These projected image motions can be classified into: (i) peripheral retinal
slip (PRS) and (ii) foveal retinal slip (FRS). Both PRS and FRS are modulated by eye motion
(EM). Eye motion (EM) has also been found to play a crucial role in causing visually induced
motion sickness (VIMS) (Ebenholtz et al., 1994). In past studies, effects of EM were
confounded with FRS or PRS. Empirical study on the isolated effects of EM, FRS and PRS
on VIMS could not be found.
This thesis reports a series of studies evaluating the isolated effects of EM velocity (EMv),
PRS velocity (PRSv) and FRS ve...[
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Motions of visual images projected on the retina (referred to as retinal slips) are essential for
provoking vection (illusion of self-motion) and visually induced motion sickness (VIMS)
(Brandt, 1973). These projected image motions can be classified into: (i) peripheral retinal
slip (PRS) and (ii) foveal retinal slip (FRS). Both PRS and FRS are modulated by eye motion
(EM). Eye motion (EM) has also been found to play a crucial role in causing visually induced
motion sickness (VIMS) (Ebenholtz et al., 1994). In past studies, effects of EM were
confounded with FRS or PRS. Empirical study on the isolated effects of EM, FRS and PRS
on VIMS could not be found.
This thesis reports a series of studies evaluating the isolated effects of EM velocity (EMv),
PRS velocity (PRSv) and FRS velocity (FRSv) on VIMS. In Experiment one, effects of EMv
and FRSv on VIMS were evaluated under controlled PRSv. In Experiment two, effects of
PRSv on VIMS under controlled EMv (40dps) was examined. Results showed that (i) increasing FRSv from 0dps to 15dps during occurrence of EM significantly increased VIMS
(p<0.005); (ii) reduction of EMv during occurrence of FRS significantly reduced VIMS
(p<0.01); and (iii) increasing PRSv from 10dps to 60dps increases the mean value of VIMS
but the effect was not significant when EMv was controlled at 40dps. Experiments three and
four studied the role of EM on VIMS among computer game players. Results showed that (i)
reducing EMv could reduce VIMS during passive watching; (ii) active playing and passive
watching did not result in different EMv; and (iii) the use of an eye fixation marker did not
reduce EMv during active game playing.
The last part of the thesis focuses on modeling the relative contributions of EMv, PRSv and
FRSv on VIMS. Results of regression analyses showed that all three predictor variables had
significant main effects towards VIMS and the model R-sq was 97%. Further conclusion and
discussion are presented in this thesis.
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